1) Online Etymology Dictionary
design (v.)
1540's, from Latin designare "mark out, devise, choose, designate, appoint," from de- "out" (see de-) + signare "to mark," from signum "a mark, sign" (see sign (n.)). Originally in English with the meaning now attached to designate; many modern uses of design are metaphoric extensions. Related: Designed; designing.
design (n.)
1580's, from Middle French desseign "purpose, project, design," from Italian disegno, from disegnare "to mark out," from Latin designare "to mark out" (see design (v.)).
de-
active word-forming element in English and in many words inherited from French and Latin, from Latin de "down, down from, from, off; concerning", also used as a prefix in Latin usually meaning "down, off, away, from among, down from," but also "down to the bottom, totally" hence "completely" (intensive or completive), which is its sense in many English words. As a Latin prefix it also had the function of undoing or reversin a verb's action, and hence it came to be used as a pure privative - "not, do the opposite of, undo" - which is its primary function as a living prefix in English, as in defrost (1895), defuse (1943) etc.
sign (n.)
early 13c., "gesture or motion of the hand," especially one meant to communicate something, from Old French signe "sign, mark," from Latin signum "identifying mark, token, indication, symbol; proof; military standard, ensign; a signal, an omen; sign in the heavens, constellation," according to Watkins, literally "standard that one follows."
Ousted native token. Meaning "a mark or device having some special importance" is recorded from late 13c.; that of "a miracle" is from c.1300. Zodiacal sense in English is from mid.14c. Sense of "characteristic device attached to the front of an inn, shop, etc., to distinguish it from others" is first recorded mid-15c. Meaning "token or signal of some condition" (late 13c.) is behind sign of the times (1520's). In some uses, the word probably is a shortening of ensign. Sing language is recorded from 1847; earlier hand-language (1670's).
designate (adj.)
1640's, from Latin designatus, past participle of designare.
designate (v.)
As a verb, from 1791, from designate (adj.) or else a back-formation from designation.
designation (n.)
late 14c., "action of pointing out," from Old French designacion or directly from Latin designationem (nominative designatio) "a marking out, specification," noun of action from past participle stem of designare. Meaning "descriptive name" is from 1824.
designing (adj.)
"scheming," 1670's, present participle adjective from design (v.).
2) Definition of "design"
design
noun
1. a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or the object before it is made.
Example: "He has just unveiled his design for the new museum."
Synonyms: plan, blueprint, drawing, scale drawing, sketch, plot, diagram, delineation, draft, depiction, representation, scheme, proposal etc.
- the art or action of conceiving of and producing a plan or drawing of something before it is made.
Example: "Good design can help the reader understand complicated information."
- the arrangement of the features of an artefact, as produced from following a plan or drawing.
Example: "Inside, the design reverts to turn-of-the-century luxe."
2. a decorative pattern.
Example: "Pottery with a lovely blue and white design."
Synonyms: pattern, motif
3. purpose or planning that exists behind an action, fact, or object.
Example: "The appearance of design in the universe."
Synonyms: intention, aim, purpose, plan, intent, objective, goal, target, point, hope, desire, wish, dream, ambition, idea etc.
verb
1. decide upon the look and functioning of (a building, garment, or other object), by making a detailed drawing of it.
Example: "A number of architectural student were designing a factory."
Synonyms: plan, draw plans of, draw, sketch, outline, map out, plot, delineate, draft, depict
- do or plan (something) with a specific purpose in mind.
Example: "The tax changes were designed to stimulate economic growth."
Synonyms: intend, aim
Wikipedia
Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system (as in architectural blueprints,engineering drawings, business processes, circuit diagrams and sewing patterns). Design has different connotations in different fields. In some cases the direct construction of an object (as in pottery,engineering, management, cowboy coding and graphic design) is also considered to be design.
More formally design has been defined as follows.
- (noun) a specification of an object, manifested by an agent, intended to accomplish goals, in a particular environment, using a set of primitive components, satisfying a set of requirements, subject to constraints;
- (verb, transitive) to create a design, in an environment (where the designer operates)
Another definition for design is a roadmap or a strategic approach for someone to achieve a unique expectation. It defines the specifications, plans, parameters, costs, activities, processes and how and what to do within legal, political, social, environmental, safety and economic constraints in achieving that objective.
Here, a "specification" can be manifested as either a plan or a finished product, and "primitives" are the elements from which the design object is composed.
With such a broad denotation, there is no universal language or unifying institution for designers of all disciplines. This allows for many differing philosophies and approaches toward the subject.
The person designing is called a designer, which is also a term used for people who work professionally in one of the various design areas, usually also specifying which area is being dealt with (such as a fashion designer, concept designer or web designer). A designer's sequence of activities is called a design process. The scientific study of design is called design science.
Designing often necessitates considering the aesthetic, functional, economic and sociopolitical dimensions of both the design object and design process. It may involve considerable research, thought, modeling, interactive adjustment, and re-design. Meanwhile, diverse kinds of objects may be designed, including clothing, graphical user interfaces, skyscrapers, corporate identities, business processes and even methods of designing.
3) Word "design" in Estonian
Translation to word "design" from English to Estonian; the matches are then translated to English, leaving out the repeated word "design":
noun
- disain
- konstruktsioon - construction, build, structure
- projekt - project, plan, scheme, draft, blueprint, scheme of designs,
- kavand - layout, sketch, draught, outline, plan, project, rough draft
- kava - plan, project, scheme, layout, idea, intention, schedule, outline, syllabus, program, blueprint, proposal
- mudel - model, make, sample, pattern, matrix, mode, template, style
- muster - pattern
- plaan - plan, scheme, project, blueprint, ground plan, layout, device, draft, map, outline, schedule, survey, intention, idea, contrivance, plot, program, setup, plat, conception, proposal, proposition, scheme of designs, set up
- stiil - style, fashion, order, pen
- visand - outline, sketch, study, draft, rough draft, plan, project, foul/ rough copy, delineation
- konfiguratsioon - configuration
- näidis - example, model, pattern, specimen, sample, exemplar, norm, standard
- joonistus - drawing, pattern, outline
- eskiis - study, sketch, draft, rough draft, outline, rough plan
- kavatsus - intention, purpose, plan, thought, idea, resolve, intent, notion
- joonestus - drawing, draft
- arvutlus - calculation, computation, count, evaluation, reckoning, statement
verb
- kavandama - sketch, outline, draft, project, plan, schedule, blueprint, map out, program, draught, engineer, chart, devise, envisage, indicate a plan, plot out
- kujundama - form, shape, mould, fashion, model, decorate, frame
- projekteerima - project, scheme, plan, form a plan, blueprint, develop
- disainima - style
- planeerima - plan, map out, concoct, glide, map,
- arvutlema
- visandama - lay out, outline, sketch, delineate, draft, block, plot, rough out, set out
- kavatsema - intend, purpose, propose, plan, project, schedule, calculate, scheme, set out, mean
- konstrueerima - construct, develop
Disainer on tootekujunduskunstis loovisik, kelle tööks on luua, arendada ja/või kujundada tooteid, üldjuhul mingi tööstusharu tarbeks (näiteks mood, trükitööstus, meedia, arhitektuur, sisearhitektuur, reklaam, veeb, kõikvõimalik tootmine jne).
Translation:
Designer is a creative person in industrial design arts, whose job is to create, develope and/or design products, generally for some industrial sector (for example fashion, printing, media, architecture, interior design, advertisement, web, all kinds of production etc).
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